Fiducial Reference Measurements for Greenhouse Gases (FRM4GHG): Validation of Satellite (Sentinel-5 Precursor, OCO-2, and GOSAT) Missions Using the Collaborative Carbon Column Observing Network (COCCON)
Loading...
Date
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Remote Sensing
Abstract
The COllaborative Carbon Column Observing Network has become a reliable source of high-quality ground-based remote sensing network data that provide column- averaged dry-air mole fractions of carbon dioxide (XCO2), methane (XCH4), and carbon monoxide (XCO). The fiducial reference measurements of these gases from the COCCON complement the TCCON and NDACC-IRWG data. This study shows the application of COCCON data for the validation of existing greenhouse gas satellite products. This study includes the validation of XCH4 and XCO products from the European Copernicus Sentinel- 5 Precursor (S5P) mission, XCO2 products from the American Orbiting Carbon Observatory- 2 (OCO-2) mission, and XCO2 and XCH4 products from the Japanese Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite (GOSAT). A total of 27 datasets contributed to this study; some of these were collected in the framework of campaign activities and covered only a short time period. In addition, several permanent stations provided long-term observations. The random uncertainties in the validation results, specifically for S5P with a lot of coincidences pairs, are found to be similar to the comparison with the TCCON. The comparison results of OCO-2 land nadir and land glint observation modes to the COCCON on a global scale, despite limited coincidences, are very promising. The stations can, therefore, expand on the coverage of the already existing ground-based reference remote sensing sites from the TCCON and the NDACC network. The COCCON data can be used for future satellite and model validation studies and carbon cycle studies.
Description
The authors thank Olivier Rasson (BIRA-IASB) and José Granville (BIRA-IASB) for their support in creating the S5P overpass level-2 files and downloading the data used in this study. We acknowledge the technical assistance provided by Omar López, Alfredo Rodriguez, Miguel Robles, and Delibes Flores. We would like to thank Antarctica New Zealand for providing logistical support for the measurements at Arrival Heights and Hue Tran, Jamie McGaw, and Mark Murphy for carrying out the measurements. We would like to thank Moritz Makowski for data retrieval and Andreas Luther and Florian Dietrich for operating the instruments at the Munich sites. We thank Valéry Catoire and Chaoyang XUE (LPC2E, UMR CNRS CNES Univ Orleans, France), as well as Yangang REN and Max McGILLEN (ICARE, UPR CNRS, Orleans, France), for deploying and maintaining the instrument at the French COCCON sites used in this study. The authors acknowledge the NIES GOSAT project for making the GOSAT data available to the public. Part of this work was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (80NM0018D0004).
Citation
Sha, M.K.; Das, S.; Frey, M.M.; Dubravica, D.; Alberti, C.; Baier, B.C.; Balis, D.; Bezanilla, A.; Blumenstock, T.; Boesch, H.; et al. Fiducial Reference Measurements for Greenhouse Gases (FRM4GHG): Validation of Satellite (Sentinel-5 Precursor, OCO-2, and GOSAT) Missions Using the COllaborative Carbon Column Observing Network (COCCON). Remote Sens. 2025, 17, 734. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17050734