Potato

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://104.225.218.216/handle/123456789/38

This is a collection of all publications on potato

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Determining Adaptability of Potato Genotypes in Mount Elgon Region of Uganda
(International Journal of Plant & Soil Science, 2024-04-04) Kwaka, L.W; Chemayek, B; Wasukira, A; Owere, L; Parka, M; Tusiime, G
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) in Uganda is mainly produced in the highland areas of Kabale and Kisoro in south western and Bugisu and Sebei areas on the slopes of Mt. Elgon in the eastern part of the country. However, the yields have continuously reduced due to lack of suitable high yielding and disease resistant varieties. The purpose of this study was to identify high yielding disease resistant potato genotypes adapted to Mt. Elgon region. Eight CIP potato clones were evaluated alongside ten commonly grown Ugandan varieties in RCBD for two seasons at Buginyanya station, Bulambuli District. Results showed significant differences (P<0.05) in tuber size, tuber uniformity, marketable tuber yield and the total tuber yield among genotypes. Potato clones 392797.22 and 398208.29 produced significantly (P<0.001) higher tuber yield 44.8 t/ha and 39 t/ha respectively compared to the local check Cruza with 34.5 t/ha. rAUDPC for LB showed significant differences (P<0.001) among genotypes in both seasons. The most resistant genotypes were Kinigi and clone 399985.39 with rAUDPC of 0.0135 and 0.025 respectively whereas Bumbamagara (0.413) and 396036.201 (0.392) were the most susceptible. 396036.201(0.051) and Kinigi were the most resistant genotypes for bacterial wilt while Shangi (0.66) and Cruza (0.46) were the most susceptible to BW. Generally, genotypes 392797.22 and 398208.29 were the highest yielding and disease resistant hence recommended for release as commercial varieties.
Early generation seed starter materials and approaches to seed production: Challenge for improving the potato seed system in Uganda
(Crop Science, 2023-04-07) Prossy Namugga; Son Aijuka; Osbert Arinda; Benon Mateeka; Alex Barekye
Quality seed is one of the key inputs for increasing potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) productivity; however, its limited availability is widely recognized as a major constraint to potato production. In Uganda, certified seed production meets approximately 1.5% of effective demand implying most farmers use home-saved seed. This practice encourages the buildup of degenerative seed-borne diseases which ultimately affect productivity. Consequently, a study was conducted to determine the productivity of different seed potato production starting stock: tissue culture plantlets (TC) and rooted apical cuttings. Fifty plants of two potato varieties, NAROPOT1 and NAROPOT4, and for each starter material were evaluated both in the field and screen house for two seasons at Kachwekano and Karengyere research stations. Data were collected on the number of tubers per plant and tuber weight. Highly significant differences were observed for the type of starter materials and varieties for the number of tubers per plant (p ≤ 0.001) from both the screen house and field environments. More tubers per plant were obtained from TC for both varieties and the highest recorded was (24.5) for NAROPOT4 and (15.5) for NAROPOT1 in the screen house. Tuber weight was higher from rooted apical cuttings for both varieties NAROPOT1 (153.3 g) and NAROPOT4 (167.7 g). The correlation between the number of tubers per plant and weight was highly significant at p ≤ 0.001. Tissue culture raised plants were more productive in terms of tuber, and numbers are more important in seed production than weight and mini-tuber production can be done by farmers under affordable conditions.
Effect of mother plant applied nitrogen and potassium on the sowing value of true potato seed
(Uganda Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2000-10-08) Kanzikwera , C.R.; Tenywa ,J.S; Osiru, D.S.0; Adipala, E; Bhagsari, A.S
A screen house experiment was conducted during 1996 short rains to assess carry-over effects of mother plant-applied nitrogen and potassium on seedling emergence, seedling vigour and dry matter accumulation of Solanum potato seedlings from true potato seed (TPS). Hybrid TPS was obtained from a cross between CIP 381379 (Kisoro) and Rutuku. Kisoro mother plants received N rates of 0, 120 and 240 kg ha·1, and potassium rates of 0, 132.8 and 265.6 kg ha·t. Performance of seed lots from the different fertiliser treatment combinations was compared to that of imported hybrid progenies, lP 88001, IP 88006 and KP 90178,8 obtained from mother plants supplied with 500 kg DAPha·1• Motherplantssuppliedwith120and J32.8kgNandK,respectively,producedtrueseedwithhighseedling emergence and vigour (sowing value), comparable to that of imported hybrid TPS.
Challenges and opportunities for quality seed potato availability and production in Uganda
(Uganda Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2015-10-05) A.R. Aheisibwe; A. Barekye; P. Namugga; A. A. Byarugaba
Potato yields in Uganda have remained low at 7.5 t ha-1. This low yield is attributed to low yielding varieties, poor management practices and lack of quality seed potatoes among other factors. This study was conducted to ascertain the challenges and opportunities of quality seed potato availability and production in the southwestern highlands agro-ecological zone (SWHAEZ). A total of 15 farmer groups were randomly selected from a sample size of 200 farmers and individually interviewed. The results of study indicated that high transaction costs (43.5%), lack of clear seed delivery system (40.5%) and limited information on the source of seed (14.0%) were the main constraints limiting farmers’ access to and use of quality seed potato. Up to 93% of the farmers in SWHAEZ use home saved seed from previous harvests and conventional ware potato markets, whose quality is not guaranteed. Although over 70% of the farmers were convinced that quality of seed had a positive effect on yield increase, 72% of them still use poor quality seed often infected by bacterial wilt. In addition, 52% of the farmers lacked specific storage facilities for potato seed; and this further lowered the grade of the seed quality. However, a number of opportunities existed for production and access to quality seed including; various proven technologies for producing quality seed potato and ready demand for potato seed and ware potato. Of the seed potato production technologies, positive selected seed (PSS) seemed to have the highest quantity of seed; while basic seed produced heaviest tubers than the rest of the technologies.
Targeting market segment needs with public-good crop breeding investments: A case study with potato and sweetpotato focused on poverty alleviation, nutrition and gender
(Frontiers in Plant Science, 2023-03-15) Sylvester Okoth Ojwang; Julius Juma Okello; David Jakinda Otieno; Janet Mwende Mutiso; Hannele Lindqvist-Kreuze; Peter Coaldrake; Thiago Mendes; Maria Andrade; Neeraj Sharma; Wolfgang Gruneberg; Godwill Makunde; Reuben Ssali; Benard Yada; Sarah Mayanja; Vivian Polar; Bonny Oloka; Doreen M. Chelangat; Jacqueline Ashby; Guy Hareau; Hugo Campos
Crop breeding programs have often focused on the release of new varieties that target yield improvement to achieve food security and reduce poverty. While continued investments in this objective are justified, there is a need for breeding programs to be increasingly more demand-driven and responsive to the changing customer preferences and population dynamics. This paper analyses the responsiveness of global potato and sweetpotato breeding programs pursued by the International Potato Center (CIP) and its partners to three major development indicators: poverty, malnutrition and gender. The study followed a seed product market segmentation blueprint developed by the Excellence in Breeding platform (EiB) to identify, describe, and estimate the sizes of the market segments at subregional levels. We then estimated the potential poverty and nutrition impacts of investments in the respective market segments. Further, we employed the G+ tools involving multidisciplinary workshops to evaluate the gender-responsiveness of the breeding programs. Our analysis reveals that future investments in breeding programs will achieve greater impacts by developing varieties for market segments and pipelines that have more poor rural people, high stunting rates among children, anemia prevalence among women of reproductive age, and where there is high vitamin A deficiency. In addition, breeding strategies that reduce gender inequality and enhance appropriate change of gender roles (hence gender transformative) are also required.
End-user preferences to enhance prospects for varietal acceptance and adoption in potato breeding in Uganda
(Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture, 2023-09-15) Judith Ssali Nantongo; Samuel Edgar Tinyiro; Mariam Nakitto; Edwin Serunkuma; Prossy Namugga; Oluwatoyin Ayetigbo; Sarah Mayanja; Mukani Moyo; Reuben Ssali; Thiago Mendes
BACKGROUND: Potato varieties have diverse biophysical characteristics, so it is important for breeders to have the capacity to choose those that meet the preferences of end users, such as mealiness, firmness, and taste, among others. Combining user preferences with descriptive information regarding the sensory characteristics of boiled potatoes can contribute to the improvement of consumer-driven varieties. This study aimed to factor in the preferences of end users to improve the prospects for varietal acceptance, adoption, and discrimination among genotypes in potato breeding. RESULTS: The priority quality traits (traits that play the most significant roles in acceptance and adoption) of the boiled potatoes were determined by evaluating gender and livelihood using the G+ tool. The G+ tool is designed to assess gender impact on roots, tubers and bananas (RTB) traits by serving as a validation check to reflect on important gender-based issues in agri- cultural food systems in order to reduce harm and promote positive impact. Potato genotypes were differentiated by penetration (textural parameters as measured by standard texture probe) and the procedure was repeatable, as there was no significant difference between the cooking replicates at 40 min of cooking. Instrument-based texture parameters, such as penetration peak force (hardness/firmness) and area (area under the curve, which represents energy needed to penetrate) of boiled potato tubers were significantly associated with sensory attributes such as fracturability and hardness in the mouth. An attempt to differentiate genotypes using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) revealed that the average results observed for the calibration for yellow color (r2 = 0.70), homogeneity of color (r2 = 0.48), moisture in mass (r2 = 0.40), and uniformity of texture (r2 = 0.56) suggested that these parameters could be used for initial breeding screening purposes. CONCLUSIONS: The preferred traits of the boiled potato can be integrated into the potato-breeding program/product profile. Near-infrared spectroscopy shows strong potential to predict potato color and the ability of NIRS models to predict some texture attributes is also promising. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Early generation seed starter materials and approaches to seed production: Challenge for improving the potato seed system in Uganda
(Crop Science, 2023-04-20) Prossy Namugga; Son Aijuka; Osbert Arinda; Benon Mateeka; Alex Barekye
Quality seed is one of the key inputs for increasing potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) productivity; however, its limited availability is widely recognized as a major constraint to potato production. In Uganda, certified seed production meets approximately 1.5% of effective demand implying most farmers use home-saved seed. This practice encourages the buildup of degenerative seed-borne diseases which ultimately affect productivity. Consequently, a study was conducted to determine the productiv- ity of different seed potato production starting stock: tissue culture plantlets (TC) and rooted apical cuttings. Fifty plants of two potato varieties, NAROPOT1 and NAROPOT4, and for each starter material were evaluated both in the field and screen house for two seasons at Kachwekano and Karengyere research stations. Data were collected on the number of tubers per plant and tuber weight. Highly significant dif- ferences were observed for the type of starter materials and varieties for the number of tubers per plant (p ≤ 0.001) from both the screen house and field environments. More tubers per plant were obtained from TC for both varieties and the highest recorded was (24.5) for NAROPOT4 and (15.5) for NAROPOT1 in the screen house. Tuber weight was higher from rooted apical cuttings for both varieties NAROPOT1 (153.3 g) and NAROPOT4 (167.7 g). The correlation between the number of tubers per plant and weight was highly significant at p ≤ 0.001. Tissue culture raised plants were more productive in terms of tuber, and numbers are more important in seed production than weight and mini-tuber production can be done by farmers under affordable conditions.

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