Coffee

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://104.225.218.216/handle/123456789/18

All Coffee research conducted by NARO over the years both at National and Zonal level is housed in this collection

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Coffee Berry Moth, Prophantis smaragdina (Butler) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae): Another threat to Robusta coffee, Coffea canephora production in Uganda
(Uganda Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2023-09-15) Kagezi G.H.; Kyalo G.; Twesigye V.; Helerimana C.; Anyijuka M.; Musasizi J.K.; Ssenoga G.; Kobusinge J.; Sseremba G.; Arinaitwe G.; Niyibigira E.I.
A structured questionnaire eliciting farmers’ knowledge of Coffee Berry Moth (CBM) was administered to 10 coffee farmers selected in the villages surrounding Kaweri. Additionally, 10 coffee trees were assessed for CBM infestation in farmers’ gardens and at Kaweri. Half of the farmers knew CBM and >50% of them first observed it on their coffee recently. However, 42.8% of them thought CBM causes no effect on coffee yields. Furthermore, 57.2% of them could identify the pest by the characteristic silk webs and the same percentage was aware that CBM causes more damage during the dry season. Majority (71.2%) of them did not know the effect of shade on its infestation while all of them were not aware of any alternative host for it. Lastly, only 14.2% of the farmers mentioned that they were managing CBM. At plot level, CBM was observed in all the Kaweri sections and farmers’ gardens assessed and the infestation was significantly (p≤0.05) higher at Kaweri than in farmers’ gardens. Infestation decreased significantly (p≤0.05) with increase in pruning and intercropping. The results showed that CBM is gaining economic importance as a pest of Robusta coffee in Uganda. However, limited farmers’ knowledge about its management, coupled with scanty literature, points to urgent need for research towards developing integrated management strategies for it.
Coffee Berry Moth, Prophantis smaragdina (Butler) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae): Another threat to Robusta coffee, Coffea canephora production in Uganda
(National Agricultural Research Organisation, 2023-09-01) Kagezi G.H.; Kyalo G.; Twesigye V.; Helerimana C.; Anyijuka M.; Musasizi J.K.; Ssenoga G.; Kobusinge J.; Sseremba G.; Arinaitwe G.; Niyibigira E.I.
A structured questionnaire eliciting farmers’ knowledge of Coffee Berry Moth (CBM) was administered to 10 coffee farmers selected in the villages surrounding Kaweri. Additionally, 10 coffee trees were assessed for CBM infestation in farmers’ gardens and at Kaweri. Half of the farmers knew CBM and >50% of them first observed it on their coffee recently. However, 42.8% of them thought CBM causes no effect on coffee yields. Furthermore, 57.2% of them could identify the pest by the characteristic silk webs and the same percentage was aware that CBM causes more damage during the dry season. Majority (71.2%) of them did not know the effect of shade on its infestation while all of them were not aware of any alternative host for it. Lastly, only 14.2% of the farmers mentioned that they were managing CBM. At plot level, CBM was observed in all the Kaweri sections and farmers’ gardens assessed and the infestation was significantly (p≤0.05) higher at Kaweri than in farmers’ gardens. Infestation decreased significantly (p≤0.05) with increase in pruning and intercropping. The results showed that CBM is gaining economic importance as a pest of Robusta coffee in Uganda. However, limited farmers’ knowledge about its management, coupled with scanty literature, points to urgent need for research towards developing integrated management strategies for it.
Ecological and genomic vulnerability to climate change across native populations of Robusta coffee (Coffea canephora)
(Global Change Biology, 2022-05-08) Rémi Tournebize; Leyli Borner; Stéphanie Manel; Christine N. Meynard; Yves Vigouroux; Dominique Crouzillat; Coralie Fournier; Mohamed Kassam; Patrick Descombes; Christine Tranchant-Dubreuil; Hugues Parrinello; Catherine Kiwuka; Ucu Sumirat; Hyacinthe Legnate; Jean-Léon Kambale; Bonaventure Sonké; Jose Cassule Mahinga; Pascal Musoli; Steven B. Janssens; Piet Stoffelen; Alexandre de Kochko; Valérie Poncet
The assessment of population vulnerability under climate change is crucial for planning conservation as well as for ensuring food security. Coffea canephora is, in its native habitat, an understorey tree that is mainly distributed in the lowland rainforests of tropical Africa. Also known as Robusta, its commercial value constitutes a significant revenue for many human populations in tropical countries. Comparing ecological and genomic vulnerabilities within the species’ native range can provide valuable insights about habitat loss and the species’ adaptive potential, allowing to identify genotypes that may act as a resource for varietal improvement. By applying species distribution models, we assessed ecological vulnerability as the decrease in climatic suitability under future climatic conditions from 492 occurrences. We then quantified genomic vulnerability (or risk of maladaptation) as the allelic composition change required to keep pace with predicted climate change. Genomic vulnerability was estimated from genomic environmental correlations throughout the native range. Suitable habitat was predicted to diminish to half its size by 2050, with populations near coastlines and around the Congo River being the most vulnerable. Whole-genome sequencing revealed 165 candidate SNPs associated with climatic adaptation in C. canephora, which were located in genes involved in plant response to biotic and abiotic stressors. Genomic vulnerability was higher for populations in West Africa and in the region at the border between DRC and Uganda. Despite an overall low correlation between genomic and ecological vulnerability at broad scale, these two components of vulnerability overlap spatially in ways that may become damaging. Genomic vulnerability was estimated to be 23% higher in populations where habitat will be lost in 2050 compared to regions where habitat will remain suitable. These results highlight how ecological and genomic vulnerabilities are relevant when planning on how to cope with climate change regarding an economically important species.
Inheritance of resistance to coffee wilt disease (Fusarium xylarioides Steyaert) in Robusta coffee (Coffea canephora Pierre) and breeding perspectives
(Tree Genetics & Genomes, 2012-08-31) Pascal C. Musoli; Christian Cilas; David Pot; Agnes Nabaggala; Saleh Nakendo; James Pande; André Charrier; Thierry Leroy; Daniel Bieysse
Knowledge on heritability is essential for select- ing varieties resistant against coffee wilt disease caused by Fusarium xylarioides, which is currently devastating coffee in East and Central Africa. Variability of the resistance against coffee wilt disease in Coffea canephora and its inheritance were investigated in three experiments corresponding to a clonal trial involving 20 clones, a 10- parent partial diallel progeny, and a half-sib progeny test. There were significant quantitative genetic variations among the clones and progenies, suggesting polygenic control of the resistance. Around 50–65 % tree mortality was the optimal disease level for calculating heritability and genetic gains. General and specific combining abilities calculated within the optimal disease range for partial diallel analysis were significant. Broad-sense heritability for the same anal- ysis and same disease range was moderate (0.329), and Communicated by A. Dandekar C. Cilas (*) CIRAD, UR 106, TA A-106/02 Avenue Agropolis, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France e-mail: christian.cilas@cirad.fr: A. Charrier SUPAGRO, 2 Pl. P. Viala, 34060 Montpellier Cedex 1, France D. Bieysse CIRAD, UMR BGPI, TA A-54/K Campus Baillarguet, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France corresponding narrow-sense heritability was low (0.112). Broad-sense heritability from clones in the field at the same disease range was also moderate (0.333). Narrow-sense heritability from regression of half-sib progeny means onto parent means in the field and screen house was 0.183 and 0.369, respectively. Selecting tolerant clones for improve- ment against the disease is possible, and genetic gains are possible by using tolerant parents in breeding programs.
Viability of Deficit Irrigation Pre-Exposure in Adapting Robusta Coffee to Drought Stress
(Agronomy, 2023-02-25) Godfrey Sseremba; Pangirayi Bernard Tongoona; Pascal Musoli; John Saviour Yaw Eleblu; Leander Dede Melomey; Daphne Nyachaki Bitalo; Evans Atwijukire; Joseph Mulindwa; Naome Aryatwijuka; Edgar Muhumuza; Judith Kobusinge; Betty Magambo; Godfrey Hubby Kagezi; Eric Yirenkyi Danquah; Elizabeth Balyejusa Kizito; Gerald Kyalo; Emmanuel Iyamulemye; Geofrey Arinaitwe
Coffea canephora has high but inadequately exploited genetic diversity. This diversity, if well exploited, can sustain coffee productivity amidst climate change effects. Drought and heat stress are major global threats to coffee productivity, quality, and tradable volumes. It is not well understood if there is a selectable variation for drought stress tolerance in Robusta coffee half-sibs as a result of watering deficit pre-exposure at the germination stage. Half-sib seeds from selected commercial clones (KR5, KR6, KR7) and a pipeline clone X1 were primed with deficit watering at two growth stages followed by recovery and later evaluated for tolerance to watering deficit stress in three different temperature environments by estimation of plant growth and wilt parameters. Overall, the KR7 family performed the best in terms of the number of individuals excelling for tolerance to deficit watering. In order of decreasing tolerance, the 10 most promising individuals for drought and heat tolerance were identified as: 14.KR7.2, 25.X1.1, 35.KR5.5, 36.KR5.6, 41.KR7.5, 46.KR6.4, 47.KR6.5, 291.X1.3, 318.X1.3, and 15.KR7.3. This is the first prospect into the potential of C. canephora half-sibs’ diversity as an unbound source of genetic variation for abiotic stress tolerance breeding.

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Browsing Coffee by Subject "Coffea canephora"